SolarExplorer

Gas Giant

Saturn

Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second-largest, yet least dense, in the Solar System. Adorned with a dazzling, complex system of icy rings, it is a gas giant with at least 150 moons and moonlets.

Equatorial Diameter

120,536 km

Surface Temperature

-125°C

Mass

5.683 × 10^26 kg

Surface Gravity

10.4 m/s²

Rotation Period

10h 39m

Orbital Period

29 Years

Moons

150+

Planetary Structure & Atmosphere

Saturn is a gas giant adorned with a complex, luminous ring system composed of billions of ice fragments and rock dust. Its interior consists of a dense core of nickel-iron and rock, wrapped by metallic liquid hydrogen and a thick gaseous outer atmosphere.

Atmospheric Composition

Hydrogen ($H_2$)96.3%
Helium ($He$)3.25%
Methane ($CH_4$) & Ammonia0.45%

Cosmic Weight & Age Matrix

70 kg Human Weight
74.5 kg
1.065x Earth Gravity
20 Earth Years Equivalent
0.68 Years
Saturn Orbital Years (29.4 Yrs)
Escape Velocity
35.5 km/s
3.17x Earth Escape Velocity

Scientific Discoveries

  1. Saturn is the only planet in the Solar System that is less dense than water.
  2. Its rings, larger and more visible than any other, are composed of water ice crystals and rock ranging in size from dust specks to mountains.
  3. Some of Saturn's moons act as "shepherd moons" to confine the rings and prevent them from spreading out.
  4. The planet radiates 2.5 times more heat than it receives from the Sun, possibly due to frictional heat created by helium "raining out" into its interior.
  5. Saturn appears to the naked eye as a bright, yellowish point of light, and magnifying it at least 30x resolves its famous rings.
  6. Its largest moon, Titan, is the only moon in the solar system with a thick atmosphere and liquid rivers, lakes, and seas (of methane).